What to look for For melanoma, remember ABCDE: asymmetry, irregular border, varied colour, diameter that is often larger than 6 mm and evolving change. A lesion that looks different from all others, called the ugly duckling sign, also deserves attention.
Other warning signs include a pearly bump, a scaly red patch, repeated bleeding, a non-healing sore, a dark streak under a nail or a lesion that changes, itches or hurts.
Self-examination Check the entire skin regularly in good light, including scalp, ears, nails, soles, between toes and areas not exposed to sun. Photographs can help document change.
Prevention and assessment Use broad-spectrum, water-resistant SPF 30 or higher, protective clothing and shade. Sunscreen does not replace examination. Any suspicious or changing lesion should be assessed promptly; diagnosis may require dermoscopy and biopsy.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can darker skin develop skin cancer?
Yes, every skin tone can be affected.
Is every changing mole cancer?
No, but change should be assessed.
What does evolving mean?
Any change in size, shape, colour, symptoms or behaviour.
Does sunscreen prevent all skin cancer?
No, but it reduces UV exposure and risk.
This information is for education only and does not replace medical assessment or treatment by a qualified physician.